A B S T R A C T

The purpose of the research – this paper explores the role of green financial instruments, particularly green loans, investments, and bonds, in addressing environmental challenges. It examines how these instruments contribute to economic and ecological sustainability within the banking sector.

The methodology of the research  – the article employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches, analyzing international best practices, regulatory frameworks, and the integration of digital technologies.

The practical importance of the research – the study offers insights into how banks and decision-makers can effectively use environmentally sustainable financing mechanisms to fund ecological projects while ensuring financial stability.

The results of the research – according to the paper, green loans and bonds help direct capital toward carbon-free projects. Digital technologies and ESG models enhance the efficiency of this process.

The originality and scientific novelty of the research – the academic novelty of the research lies in the examination of green sukuk within the principles of Islamic finance. The study also introduces a new perspective on the integration of digital technologies into green finance.

Keywords: green loans, green investments, green bonds, green sukuk, asset growth strategies.

http://doi.org/10.59610/bbu2.2025.2.3